Training year 2019

VDMA warns: training gap is becoming a brake on growth

The 2019 training year started with 34,000 unfilled vacancies in mechanical engineering. The VDMA warns that if this trend continues, the shortage of skilled workers will develop into a structural problem and a permanent brake on growth.

Jörg Friedrich, Head of the Education Department at VDMA. © VDMA

According to the Federal Employment Agency, more than 240,000 training places are unfilled at the start of the 2019 training year - the highest figure in the past ten years. In mechanical engineering, 34,000 training positions in technical professions are currently unfilled, compared to 21,000 unplaced applicants - a calculated gap of 13,000. "If this trend continues, the shortage of skilled workers will develop into a structural problem and a permanent brake on growth, regardless of economic fluctuations such as those we are currently observing," warns Jörg Friedrich, Head of the Education Department at VDMA. The reasons for this development are the declining number of school leavers and the simultaneous trend towards higher education, he explains.

Above-average training rate in mechanical engineering
Friedrich emphasizes that this is not due to a lack of will on the part of companies. The mechanical and plant engineering sector trains an above-average number of young people. At 6.1 percent, the training rate in the mechanical engineering sector is above the mark for the economy as a whole (six percent) for the 17th year in a row.

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The rate thus also exceeds the average for the manufacturing industry (4.9% in December 2018). The association's own surveys show that the companies organized in the VDMA are particularly committed to training. The average training rate there is as high as seven percent. Compared to other industrial sectors, mechanical engineering also has one of the highest rates of companies providing training. 40.8 percent of mechanical engineering companies provided training in 2018. In the economy as a whole, this figure was 32.3 percent.

Modernization of apprenticeships
In order to get more trainees interested in dual technical vocational training, the VDMA is supporting its member companies with a variety of campaigns to attract suitable young talent and further increase the attractiveness of vocational training. An important component of this is the modernization of job profiles and the adaptation of teaching methods and content of vocational training to digitalization.

Together with the social partners, a total of eleven training regulations for industrial metal and electrical professions were updated last year and adapted to the new qualification requirements of Industry 4.0. "We are currently working together to update the IT professions," says Friedrich. These are becoming increasingly important for mechanical engineering. as

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