Fatigue tests on composites
Material characterization at the Aerospace Center
At the German Aerospace Center in Braunschweig, research is carried out in the fields of aviation, transport, space and energy. As a leading institution in this field, the Institute of Composite Structures has been working for many years on more efficient manufacturing processes for CFRP structures as well as on improved analysis and design methods. In future, a ZwickRoell testing machine will be used for fatigue tests on CFRP-reinforced composites.
Carbon fibre reinforced plastic, or CFRP for short (also known colloquially as carbon), is a high-performance material that is characterized in particular by its ratio of low mass to high rigidity. Despite its high costs and complex production, it is suitable as an alternative to metal in many areas: wherever lightweight construction is a priority for reasons of performance and efficiency, solutions made from this material can be found. The use of CFRP is increasing, particularly in the automotive industry or in the production of rotor blades. The possibilities are far from exhausted, as the weight of CFRP structures is set to fall further in the future. However, open questions need to be answered and the material behavior under environmental influences and damage needs to be researched.
At the DLR, the material is tested under realistic conditions using an LTM electrodynamic testing machine from ZwickRoell. The testing system can be used to simulate forces of up to 10 kN and test frequencies of up to 100 Hz. For the fatigue tests, ambient temperatures from -80 °C to + 250 °C can be simulated in the mobile temperature chamber. Different CFRP material combinations are tested in accordance with various norms and DLR's own standards.
In order to better map local strains on the test specimens, it is possible to connect up to 3 strain gauges. The data obtained is evaluated using the TestXpert III testing software. Thanks to the integrated switching function, the LTM can also be used to carry out static tensile, compression or bending tests.
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